Grape production costs and returns
Variable costs: Costs that change directly with an increase or decrease in the farm land are called variable costs. These include costs for grapevines, trellis materials, pesticides, fertilizers, labor and expenses for machinery rents.
Fixed costs: Fixed costs do not or slightly change because of an increase or decrease in any expansion in the Winery. Expenses for motor pump, drip irrigation equipment, and taxes are examples of fixed costs.
Fixed costs: Fixed costs do not or slightly change because of an increase or decrease in any expansion in the Winery. Expenses for motor pump, drip irrigation equipment, and taxes are examples of fixed costs.